/* =========================================================
   VSLab Website - Clean style.css (consolidated)
   - Global / Header / Sections
   - Home: News / Research banner
   - Hero Carousel (Slide1 + Slide2~5 contain layout)
   - Team
   - Publications (inline Paper·Project·Code text links)
   - Utilities (scrollbar-gutter)
========================================================= */

/* =========================
   Root + Base
========================= */
:root{
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --alt: #f6f7f9;
  --text: #202124;
  --muted: #5f6368;
  --line: rgba(0,0,0,0.10);
  --shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);

  --accent: #b01217;
  --accent-weak: rgba(176,18,23,0.10);
}

*{ box-sizing: border-box; }
html, body{ height: 100%; }
body{
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "Roboto", system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Arial, sans-serif;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--text);
}

a{ color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }

.wrap{
  width: min(1100px, calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/* =========================
   Top notice
========================= */
.top-notice{
  background: #2b0b0d; /* burgundy */
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 14px;
}
.top-notice__inner{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 10px 0;
}
.top-notice__btn{
  color:#fff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.30);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
  padding: 6px 10px;
  border-radius: 999px;
}
.top-notice__btn:hover{
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
  border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
}

/* =========================
   Header
========================= */
.site-header{
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.92);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.header__inner{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 14px 0;
}

.brand{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap: 12px;
}

/* logo: image only (no box) */
.brand__mark{
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  border: none;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 0;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}
.brand__mark-img{
  height: 32px;
  width: auto;
  display: block;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.brand__text{
  display:flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  line-height: 1.1;
}
.brand__title{ font-weight: 700; }
.brand__sub{
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-top: 2px;
}

.site-nav{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap: 6px;
}
.nav-link{
  padding: 8px 10px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
}
.nav-link:hover{
  color: var(--text);
  border-color: var(--line);
  background: #fff;
}
.nav-link.active{
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-weak);
  border-color: rgba(176,18,23,0.18);
}

.nav-toggle{
  display:none;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* =========================
   Sections / Cards / Buttons
========================= */
.section{ padding: 34px 0; }
.section.alt{
  background: var(--alt);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.section__head{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.section__icon{
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  display:inline-flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.section__title{
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 20px;
}

.card{
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 18px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  padding: 18px;
}
.callout{ padding: 22px; }

.quote{
  margin: 0 0 14px 0;
  padding-left: 14px;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.muted{ color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.75; }

.inline-link{
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.inline-link:hover{ text-decoration: underline; }

.see-more{
  display:inline-block;
  margin-top: 12px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.see-more:hover{ text-decoration: underline; }

.btn{
  display:inline-flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  padding: 10px 12px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  font-size: 14px;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.btn:hover{ border-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.22); }
.btn.primary{
  border-color: rgba(176,18,23,0.30);
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
}
.btn.primary:hover{ filter: brightness(0.97); }

/* =========================
   News
========================= */
.news{
  display:flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
}
.news-item{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr;
  gap: 14px;
  padding: 14px;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 16px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.news-thumb{
  height: 64px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent);
  background:
    radial-gradient(220px 90px at 30% 30%, rgba(176,18,23,0.15), transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #fff, #f3f4f6);
}
.news-date{
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.news-text{ color: var(--text); line-height: 1.6; }

/* News links = body color, underline only */
.news .news-text a{
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
}
.news .news-text a:hover{
  text-decoration-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.65);
}

.news-highlight{
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 700;
}

/* =========================
   Research banner (home)
========================= */
.research-banner{
  height: 220px;
  border-radius: 18px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background:
    radial-gradient(900px 300px at 20% 20%, rgba(176,18,23,0.14), transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(800px 260px at 80% 70%, rgba(0,0,0,0.10), transparent 55%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #fff, #f2f3f6);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.research-banner__label{
  position:absolute;
  bottom: 14px;
  right: 14px;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 6px 10px;
}
.grid3{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
}

/* =========================
   Footer
========================= */
.site-footer{
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
}
.footer__inner{
  padding: 18px 0;
  display:flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  justify-content: space-between;
}
.small{ font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }

/* =========================
   Responsive (header + grid)
========================= */
@media (max-width: 920px){
  .grid3{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
@media (max-width: 860px){
  .nav-toggle{ display:inline-flex; }
  .site-nav{
    display:none;
    position: absolute;
    right: 20px;
    top: 62px;
    width: min(320px, calc(100% - 40px));
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-radius: 16px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    padding: 10px;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
  }
  .site-nav.open{ display:flex; }
  .nav-link{ width: 100%; }
}

/* =========================
   Utilities: prevent layout shift by scrollbar
========================= */
html{ scrollbar-gutter: stable; }
@supports not (scrollbar-gutter: stable){
  html{ overflow-y: scroll; }
}

/* =========================================================
   HERO CAROUSEL
   - Slide 1: cover + shade + minimal overlay
   - Slide 2~5: contain figure, reserved bottom bar, no overflow
   - Dots outside
========================================================= */
.hero--carousel{
  padding: 22px 0 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.hero-carousel__viewport{
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 18px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #fff;
  height: clamp(320px, 48vw, 520px);
}

/* slides stacked */
.hero-carousel__slide{
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 520ms ease;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.hero-carousel__slide.is-active{
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
}

/* default image (Slide 1) */
.hero-carousel__img{
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: block;
  object-fit: cover;
}

/* shade for slide 1 */
.hero-carousel__shade{
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(
    90deg,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.55) 0%,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.22) 55%,
    rgba(0,0,0,0.10) 100%
  );
}

/* overlay base */
.hero-carousel__overlay{
  position: absolute;
  left: 26px;
  right: 26px;
  bottom: 22px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 14px;
}
.hero-carousel__overlay--minimal{
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: 10px;
}

.hero-carousel__kicker{
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
}
.hero-carousel__headline{
  font-size: 58px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.02;
  color: #fff;
  text-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}
.hero-carousel__sub{
  max-width: 70ch;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.88);
  line-height: 1.7;
  text-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}
.hero-carousel__actions{
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* paper bar (default) */
.hero-carousel__paperTitle{
  max-width: 72ch;
  padding: 12px 14px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.22);
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.62);
  color: #fff;
  line-height: 1.5;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

/* learn more */
.hero-carousel__learnMore{
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--accent);
  border: 1px solid rgba(176,18,23,0.35);
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.2px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(176,18,23,0.18);
}
.hero-carousel__learnMore:hover{ filter: brightness(0.95); }

/* slide 2~5: contain + reserved bottom bar area */
.hero-carousel__slide--contain{
  --pad-x: 22px;
  --pad-top: 16px;
  --bar-h: 88px;
  --bar-gap: 14px;
  --bar-bottom: 16px;
  background: #fff;

  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;

  padding: var(--pad-top) var(--pad-x)
           calc(var(--bar-h) + var(--bar-gap) + var(--bar-bottom))
           var(--pad-x);
}

/* override image for contain slides */
.hero-carousel__slide--contain .hero-carousel__img{
  position: static;
  inset: auto;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center;
  background: #fff;
}

/* remove shade in contain slides */
.hero-carousel__slide--contain .hero-carousel__shade{
  display: none;
}

/* contain overlay: bottom bar spans full width, button overlaps on right */
.hero-carousel__slide--contain .hero-carousel__overlay{
  left: var(--pad-x);
  right: var(--pad-x);
  bottom: var(--bar-bottom);
  display: block;
}

.hero-carousel__slide--contain .hero-carousel__paperTitle{
  width: 100%;
  min-height: var(--bar-h);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 14px 128px 14px 16px; /* reserve right space for button */
  margin: 0;
}

.hero-carousel__slide--contain .hero-carousel__learnMore{
  position: absolute;
  right: calc(var(--pad-x) + 14px);
  bottom: calc(var(--bar-bottom) + var(--bar-h));
  transform: translateY(50%); /* sit on the bar */
  z-index: 5;
}

/* nav arrows */
.hero-carousel__btn{
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.35);
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 26px;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.hero-carousel__btn:hover{ background: rgba(0,0,0,0.36); }
.hero-carousel__btn--prev{ left: 14px; }
.hero-carousel__btn--next{ right: 14px; }

/* dots outside */
.hero-carousel__dots{
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
}
.hero-carousel__dots--outside{
  margin-top: 10px;
}
.hero-carousel__dot{
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: none;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.55);
  cursor: pointer;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  transition: transform 120ms ease, background 120ms ease, opacity 120ms ease;
  opacity: 0.9;
}
.hero-carousel__dot:hover{ transform: scale(1.12); opacity: 1; }
.hero-carousel__dot.is-active{
  background: var(--accent);
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1.12);
}

/* carousel responsive */
@media (max-width: 920px){
  .hero-carousel__overlay{ left: 18px; right: 18px; }
  .hero-carousel__headline{ font-size: 44px; }
  .hero-carousel__slide--contain{ --pad-x: 18px; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px){
  .hero-carousel__headline{ font-size: 34px; }
  .hero-carousel__paperTitle{ display:none; }
}

/* =========================================================
   TEAM (single consolidated block)
========================================================= */
.team-page .team-title{
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 44px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
}
.team-page .team-section-title{
  margin: 42px 0 18px 0;
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
  letter-spacing: 0.2px;
}

.team-page.section{ padding: 26px 0; }
/* alt background removed for team */
.team-page.section.alt{
  background: transparent;
  border-top: none;
  border-bottom: none;
}

.team-page .team-grid{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  column-gap: 80px;
  row-gap: 40px;
}
.team-page .team-grid--pi{
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  max-width: 860px;
}

.team-page .profile{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 165px 1fr;
  gap: 30px;
  align-items: center;
}

.team-page .profile-photo{
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.14);
  box-shadow:
    inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.55),
    0 12px 26px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),
    0 3px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.10);
}
.team-page .profile-photo img{
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}
.team-page .profile-photo.is-empty{
  background:
    radial-gradient(220px 140px at 30% 30%, rgba(176,18,23,0.10), transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #fff, #f3f4f6);
}

.team-page .profile-body{ min-width: 0; }

.team-page .profile-name{
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #2b2f36;
  line-height: 1.25;
}
.team-page .profile-role{
  margin-top: 8px;
  color: #444;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.team-page .profile-email{
  margin-top: 8px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-style: italic;
}
.team-page .profile-badge{
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 2px 8px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  color: #333;
}

/* name + link icon */
.team-page .profile-name-row{
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 4px;
}
.team-page .profile-icon-link{
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: rgba(176,18,23,0.55);
  line-height: 1;
  transform: translateY(1px);
}
.team-page .profile-icon-link:hover{
  color: var(--accent);
}
.team-page .profile-icon{
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  display: block;
  fill: currentColor;
}

/* research tags */
.team-page .profile-research{
  margin-top: 8px;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 6px;
}
.team-page .profile-tag{
  display: inline-flex;
  padding: 3px 8px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.10);
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
  color: #444;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

@media (max-width: 960px){
  .team-page .team-grid{
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    column-gap: 0;
    row-gap: 32px;
  }
  .team-page .profile{
    grid-template-columns: 140px 1fr;
    gap: 22px;
  }
  .team-page .profile-photo{
    width: 130px;
    height: 130px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 520px){
  .team-page .team-title{ font-size: 36px; }
  .team-page .profile{
    grid-template-columns: 120px 1fr;
    gap: 18px;
  }
  .team-page .profile-photo{
    width: 110px;
    height: 110px;
  }
}

/* =========================================================
   PUBLICATIONS
========================================================= */
.pub-page .pub-title{
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 44px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.pub-nav{
  margin-top: 10px;
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
}
.pub-nav__link{
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
}
.pub-nav__link:hover{
  text-decoration-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.55);
}
.pub-nav__sep{ padding: 0 8px; opacity: 0.6; }

.pub-section-title{
  margin: 0 0 14px 0;
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.pub-year{
  margin: 26px 0 10px 0;
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #2b2f36;
}

.pub-list{
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
}
.pub-item{
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 16px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  padding: 14px 16px;
}
.pub-item__top{ display: block; }

.pub-item__title{
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.pub-item__authors{
  color: #444;
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.pub-item__venue{
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* inline actions next to title: Paper · Project · Code */
.pub-actions--inline{
  margin-left: 4px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.pub-actions__sep{
  font-size: 16px;   /* ← 구분점 크기 */
  margin: 0 2px;     /* ← 좌우 간격(텍스트와의 거리) */
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

.pub-linkbtn{
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

/* hide icon span (if HTML still has it) */
.pub-linkbtn__icon{ display: none; }

.pub-linkbtn:hover{
  color: #7a0c10;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(176,18,23,0.55);
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
}

/* patent list */
.patent-list{
  margin: 14px 0 0 18px;
  padding: 0;
}
.patent-item{ margin: 12px 0; }
.patent-title{
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.patent-meta{
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-top: 4px;
}

/* =========================
   Contact page
========================= */
.contact-title{
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 44px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.contact-grid{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.3fr 0.7fr;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: start;
}

.contact-right{
  display: grid;
  gap: 16px;
}

.contact-card{
  border-radius: 18px;
}

.contact-h2{
  margin: 0 0 10px 0;
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.contact-lead{
  margin: 0 0 10px 0;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.contact-cta{
  margin-top: 12px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
}

.contact-cta-note{
  font-size: 13px;
}

.contact-hr{
  margin: 16px 0;
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.contact-steps{
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 18px;
}

.contact-steps > li{
  margin: 12px 0;
}

.contact-step-title{
  font-weight: 800;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.contact-list{
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 18px;
  color: #444;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.contact-kv{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 86px 1fr;
  gap: 10px;
  padding: 10px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.contact-kv:first-of-type{
  border-top: none;
  padding-top: 0;
}

.contact-k{
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #2b2f36;
}

.contact-v{
  color: #444;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.contact-map{
  margin-top: 10px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 16px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  background: #fff;
}

.contact-map iframe{
  width: 100%;
  height: 260px;
  border: 0;
  display: block;
}

@media (max-width: 980px){
  .contact-grid{
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .contact-map iframe{
    height: 240px;
  }
}

/* Slide 2~5 only: paper bar a bit shorter */
.hero-carousel__slide--contain{
  --bar-h: 78px;          /* 기존 88px 정도였다면 -> 78px로 살짝 축소 */
  --bar-bottom: 16px;     /* 바닥 여백(기존 유지) */
}

/* paper title bar: 높이/패딩을 조금 줄여서 덜 두껍게 */
.hero-carousel__slide--contain .hero-carousel__paperTitle{
  min-height: var(--bar-h) !important;
  padding: 12px 128px 12px 16px !important;  /* 위아래 14 -> 12로 */
}

/* Learn more: 우측 아래(바 하단과 라인 맞춤)로 내리기 */
.hero-carousel__slide--contain .hero-carousel__learnMore{
  position: absolute !important;
  right: calc(var(--pad-x) + 14px) !important;

  /* ✅ 바의 하단 라인과 맞춤 */
  bottom: var(--bar-bottom) !important;

  /* 기존에 걸려있던 translate/top 기반 위치 무력화 */
  top: auto !important;
  transform: none !important;

  z-index: 5 !important;
}

/* Slide 2~5: Learn more를 더 우측(바 끝)으로 */
.hero-carousel__slide--contain .hero-carousel__learnMore{
  right: var(--pad-x) !important;   /* 기존 calc(...)보다 더 바깥쪽 */
}

/* =========================================================
   Research page (2-column, no dividers, minimal look)
========================================================= */
.research-title{
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 44px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
}

/* 2열 배치 */
.research-grid{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 18px 20px;
}

/* 아이템: 박스/테두리 없이 정돈 */
.research-item{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 180px 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: start;
  padding: 6px 0;
}

/* 이미지 영역 */
.research-media{
  width: 180px;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  border-radius: 16px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
  display: block;

  transform: translateY(0);
  transition: transform 140ms ease, box-shadow 140ms ease, filter 140ms ease;
}

/* hover 반응(입체감) */
.research-media:hover{
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
  filter: saturate(1.02);
}

.research-media__placeholder{
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  background:
    radial-gradient(900px 300px at 20% 20%, rgba(176,18,23,0.10), transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #fff, #f3f4f6);
}

.research-media__img{
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

/* 텍스트 */
.research-body{ min-width: 0; }

.research-heading{
  margin: 0 0 8px 0;
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

/* 제목 링크: vslab 색 + 밑줄 색도 동일 */
.research-heading__link{
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(176,18,23,0.60);
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.research-heading__link:hover{
  color: #7a0c10;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(176,18,23,0.80);
}

/* 리스트 */
.research-bullets{
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 18px;
  color: #444;
  line-height: 1.7;
}
.research-bullets li{ margin: 4px 0; }

/* General Topics: 링크/반응 제거 */
.research-item--static .research-media{
  cursor: default;
  transform: none;
  transition: none;
}
.research-item--static .research-media:hover{
  transform: none;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  filter: none;
}
/* General Topics title: no underline, black */
.research-heading__link--static{
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 980px){
  .research-grid{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-item{ grid-template-columns: 170px 1fr; }
  .research-media{ width: 170px; }
}

@media (max-width: 520px){
  .research-item{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-media{
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  }
}

.research-item{
  height: 260px;         /* 필요하면 220~260에서 조절 */
  align-items: start;
}
/* Research topic detail pages: image-only gallery */
.topic-title{
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 44px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.topic-gallery{
  margin-top: 18px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 14px;
}

.topic-shot{
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 16px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

/* =========================================================
   Gallery (3 columns, photo-only cards + caption)
========================================================= */
.gallery-title{
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 44px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.gallery-year{
  margin: 0 0 12px 0;
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #2b2f36;
}

.gallery-grid{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 38px 18px; /* 세로/가로 간격 */
}

.gallery-tile{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: 1fr auto;
  gap: 10px;
}

/* carousel frame (photo only) */
.gallery-viewport{
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 16px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  height: 280px;                 /* ✅ 모든 타일 동일 높이 */
}

/* slides */
.gallery-slide{
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 420ms ease;
}
.gallery-slide.is-active{
  opacity: 1;
}

.gallery-img{
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

/* arrows */
.gallery-btn{
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 38px;
  height: 38px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.10);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.72);
  color: #111;
  font-size: 22px;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.gallery-btn:hover{ background: rgba(255,255,255,0.88); }
.gallery-btn--prev{ left: 10px; }
.gallery-btn--next{ right: 10px; }

/* dots (under photo like screenshot) */
.gallery-dots{
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: 8px;
}
.gallery-dot{
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: none;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.gallery-dot.is-active{ background: rgba(176,18,23,0.35); }
.gallery-dot.is-active--accent{ background: var(--accent); }

/* caption */
.gallery-caption{
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #2b2f36;
}

/* responsive */
@media (max-width: 980px){
  .gallery-grid{ grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .gallery-viewport{ height: 260px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px){
  .gallery-grid{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .gallery-viewport{ height: 260px; }
}

/* Gallery page only: 조금 더 넓게 */
.gallery-page .gallery-wrap{
  width: min(1320px, calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/* 사진이 조금 더 크게 느껴지도록 뷰포트 높이 살짝 증가(선택) */
.gallery-viewport{
  height: 300px;
}

/* Gallery rendering stability helpers */
.gallery-viewport{
  transform: translateZ(0);
}

.gallery-slide{
  will-change: opacity;
}

.gallery-img{
  backface-visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateZ(0);
}

/* Research mobile overlap fix: 모바일에서는 고정 높이 해제 */
@media (max-width: 520px){
  .research-item{
    height: auto !important;     /* ← 겹침 원인 제거 */
    overflow: visible !important;
  }

  .research-grid{
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  }

  .research-item{
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;  /* 이미지 위, 텍스트 아래 */
    gap: 12px !important;
  }

  .research-media{
    width: 100% !important;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9 !important;
  }

  /* 모바일에서 리스트가 너무 길면 보기 좋게 줄 간격만 유지 */
  .research-bullets{
    max-height: none !important;
    overflow: visible !important;
  }
}